Page 32 - Success Plus English Language and Literature Class 10

Grammar Concepts

The house stands on the hill (main clause) the object of an It is good to know that
+ infinitive you remember all of us.
that lies on the other side of the valley. the object of a Considering that the old
(subordinate clause)
participle lady was helpless, it is
Subordinate clauses can be of three types, pardonable.
according to their functions: noun clauses, the complement of a His request is that he
adverb clauses and adjective or relative clauses. verb of incomplete shouldn’t be punished.
predication
Noun Clauses in apposition (words Your argument that it
added to explain a was done with good
A noun clause is a subordinate clause that
functions like a noun and can act as the noun or pronoun) to intentions will not be
subject, a complement, or an object of a verb, a noun or pronoun accepted.
preposition, participle or infinitive. It was unfortunate that
he could not complete
Function Example(s) the work.

the subject of a verb What he describes is
incredible. Adverb Clauses
the object of a I hope that it is true. An adverb clause is a clause that functions
transitive verb like an adverb, modifying a verb, an adjective

the object of a Don’t pay any attention or another adverb. Like every clause, it has a
preposition to what he says. subject and predicate of its own. It serves the

same functions as other adverbials do, hence
we can apply a similar classification to adverb
clauses.

Adverbial clauses • After the crop is harvested, it The italicised subordinate clauses tell us
of time is sold in the market. when. These are adverbial clauses of time.
• Don’t disturb her when she is Such clauses are usually introduced by the
singing. words when, before, after, until, since, till, as
soon as, as long as, etc.

Adverbial clauses • She has hidden the box The subordinate clauses that have been
of place where it cannot be found. italicised are adverbial clauses of place –
• I will follow you wherever they tell us where. Adverbial clauses of place
you go. are introduced with the conjunctions where
and wherever.
Adverbial clauses • Rina learnt English so that The subordinate clauses that have been
of purpose or she could get a better job. italicised are adverbial clauses of purpose
result • Ashwin called Sophie so that or result. They answer the question why/
he could get directions. to what end. These are introduced by the
• A new club was formed in conjunctions so that, lest, in order that, etc.
order to discuss politics.
• He is so kind-hearted that
everybody loves him.

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