Page 29 - Success Plus English Language and Literature Class 10

Grammar Concepts

Tenses

Verbs change their forms according to the time Affirmative Negative
they express. Hence we have various tenses. The I walk. I do not walk.
three tenses in English are the present tense, the
past tense and the future tense. You walk. You do not walk.
She walks. She does not walk.
The Present Tense When forming questions with the verb be, the

Simple Present Tense verb comes before the noun or pronoun.
I am a teacher. ~ Am I a teacher?
In the simple present tense, the verb changes
according to the subject. You are a teacher. ~ Are you a teacher?
Samantha is a teacher. ~ Is Samantha a
I write. She writes. We write. teacher?

Most verbs add an -s or -es when used in the For most other verbs, the interrogative is formed
present tense with the third person singular or by using do or does at the beginning of the
with a singular countable noun. question and changing the main verb to its base

Singular Plural form.

first person I read; I go we read; we I eat rice. ~ Do I eat rice?
go Gokul writes beautifully. ~ Does Gokul write

second person you read; you you read; you beautifully?
go go Declarative Interrogative

third person she/he/it they read;
reads; she/he/ they go I walk. Do I walk?
it goes You walk. Do you walk?
She walks. Does she walk?
The verb be, however, has different forms in the
simple present. Interrogative Negative Interrogative
Singular Plural Do I walk? Do I not walk?/Don’t I walk?

first person I am we are Do you walk? Do you not walk?/Don’t you
walk?
second person you are you are
Does she walk? Does she not walk?/Doesn’t
third person she/he/it is they are she walk?

To form the negative of the verb be, add not The simple present tense is used in the
after the verb. following cases:
I am not a liar. Uses Examples
You are not a liar. to talk about a • They go to St. Paul’s
She is not a liar. habitual or routine School.

For most other verbs, the negative is formed by action • I go to church every
using do not or does not before the base form of Sunday.
the main verb.

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